Extract a tar archive or file
Contributed by qmchenry 
July 12, 2006 
Tagged: UNIX
The tar file is the long-time champion of archiving files and even directories of information into a single archive file. However, the first time you face a tar file, it will completely clam up and will not tell you what to do with it. Extracting the contents of a tar file is simple (once you know how).
A tar file is extracted (and created) with the easy-to-remember application tar. While the name is simple, the syntax is a little different than normal UNIX commands. To extract the contents of the file archive.tar, use:
tar xf archive.tar
The x in xf means extract the contents of the archive. The f in xf tells tar to use the next parameter as the filename of the archive. This comes from tar’s history as a tape archiving application (the name tar comes from tape archive). By default, tar wants to read or write to a tape drive, thus the f parameter.
Another couple of nice parameters to know are t and v. The t parameter is used in place of x to list a table of contents of the archive.
tar tf archive.tar
The v parameter can be used with x to list each file in the archive while extracting them.
tar xvf archive.tar